Zambia (Southern Africa)

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Carexcess Zambia flag
Population: 20,216,029 (2023 estimate)
Currency: Zambian kwacha
Geographic: 15 S, 30 E

Useful information and history:

Officially known as the Republic of Zambia, Zambia is a landlocked country located in southern Africa, bordered by eight countries such as Tanzania, Namibia and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. It is known for its vast wilderness, diverse wildlife, friendly people, and major natural attractions like Victoria Falls, Zambezi River, the South Luangwa National Park, and the Lower Zambezi National Park. Its capital, Lusaka, is the largest city in the country, located in the south-central. It's a fast-growing urban centre that serves as the political, economic, and cultural heart of Zambia, possessing a mix of modern buildings, traditional markets (like Soweto Market), shopping malls, embassies, and cultural centres.

Time difference:

UTC+2.

Natural Hazards:

Droughts, floods, and extreme temperatures, including epidemics, crop pest infestations, volcanic activity and earthquakes.

Fines:

In Zambia, penalty units are used to calculate fines where the actual value of a penalty unit depends on the legislation/statutory instrument in force (Laws often say 'X penalty units' rather than a fixed Kwacha amount). The value of a penalty unit (as of April 2024) is equal to 40 ngwee (K0.40/~£0.01). Here is a breakdown of some traffic and other offences:

  • Speeding:
          up to 15 km/h over the limit: 750 penalty units (= K300/~£9)
          16 - 30 km/h over the limit: 1,000 penalty units (= K400/~£13)
          31 - 45 km/h over the limit: 1,250 penalty units (= K500/~£16)
          46 - 60 km/h over the limit: 1,500 penalty units (= K600/~£19)
          over 60 km/h over the limit: 3,000 penalty units (= K1,200/~£38)
  • Not wearing seatbelt: 750 penalty units (= K300/~£9)
  • Ignoring traffic lights/signs, etc.: 750 - 2,500 penalty units (= K300 - K1,000/~£9 - £32)
  • Using mobile phone while driving: 1,250 - 3,750 penalty units (= K500 - K1,500/~£16 - £47) plus possible licence suspension
  • Reckless/dangerous driving: up to 15,000 penalty units (= K6,000/~£190) and/or up to 5 years imprisonment
  • Overstay visa (tourist): ~K236 (~£7) per day; can increase if overstay is long or repeated
  • Buying, possessing or transporting protected animals or animal parts: significant fines and 5 years imprisonment minimum
  • Crossing roads while using a phone or headphones/not waiting for lights to turn: up to 2,500 penalty units (= K1,000/~£32)
  • Leaving an accommodation without paying rates, board, or amenities: up to 20,000 penalty units (= K8,000/~£253) and/or up to 3 months imprisonment
  • disturbing/causing nuisance in a tourism enterprise, or damaging property: 50,000 penalty units (= K20,000/~£632) and/or up to 6 months imprisonment

There was a 'No Bribes but Fines' campaign launched, meaning traffic offences should result in official fines rather than illicit payments to officers. And police have been directed to use Point of Sale machines for paying traffic fines etc., to avoid cash‑bribe issues.

Additional Information:

The official language of Zambia is English, but Bemba, Nyanja, and Tonga are also spoken.

Motor information to keep in mind:

In Zambia, driving is done on the left‑hand side of the road. The minimum age to drive is 16, but you have to be at least 21 or 23 to rent (depending on rental company) and have held an valid licence for at least one year, but some companies may charge a 'young driver surcharge' to those under 25. UK drivers generally need an International Driving Permit (IDP) for Zambia, especially for stays longer than 90 days.

Many major roads are paved and well‑maintained. However, many rural roads are unpaved, and may be severely affected in rainy season (mud, flooding, wash‑outs) etc. Be cautious when driving at night, especially outside towns, and be alert for pedestrians, animals (especially at dawn/dusk), stray livestock, broken down vehicles on the road. Also, police roadblocks are common. Be courteous, and show documents when asked.

Fuel:

Petrol (91 - 93 octane) and diesel (low-sulphur) are the most common in Zambia. Fuel is reliably available in urban areas, with stations open 24/7 in major cities, but stations can be scarce in rural or remote areas, where fuel may be limited and more expensive. It is recommended to carry extra fuel in a metal jerry can (plastic cans often not allowed at filling stations).

Cash is widely accepted, but card is only accepted in some stations, mostly in major cities like Lusaka, Ndola, Livingstone, and along main highways (Cash is essential in remote/rural areas). Zambia has attended service at fuel stations, but check that the meter starts at zero before fuelling.

Speed Limits:
  • Urban areas: 50 - 60 km/h (~31 - 37 mph)
  • Main roads/motorways: 100 km/h (~62 mph)
Drinking & Driving:

The legal limit is 0.08%.

Seat Belts:

Required for driver and all passengers.

Passengers/Children:

Children under 10 cannot occupy a front passenger seat, and must be secured in a car seat at the rear.

Items/Documents Required when Driving:
  • Valid driving licence
  • International Driving Permit (IDP) if needed
  • Vehicle registration papers
  • Insurance documents
  • Passport/ID
  • Reflectors/reflective materials on bumpers
  • Warning triangle
  • High‑visibility vest

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